Resilient wing mounting and framing



March 16, 1937. H. 1.. ADAMS RESILIENT W ING MOUNTING AND FRAMING FiledNov. 22, 1932 2454!! Autumn l J91! o -eea Patented Mar. 16, 1937 UNITEDSTATES PATENT OFFICE 8 Claims. (01. 244-47) This invention relates toflying machines, and is a continuation in part of my prior applicationSerial No. 461,412, filed April 14, 1921, and which now has matured intoPatent Number bers. The strut 6 is hinged at its outer end to the framemembers 5, preferably at a point spaced from the outer ends of the framemembers as indicated at 1, although the strut may be ex- 1,888,418,dated November 22, 1932. tended to the full length of the members 5 ifde- 5 One of the objects of the invention is to prosired. The hingedconnections between the wing vide a frame structure for flying machineswhich frame members 5 and upper fuselage frame mempossesses maximumstrength with minimum hers I are indicated at 5. weight, and which iscapable of a limited amount In the embodiment shown in Figure l,- the 10of flexibility to decrease drag and undue strain wings are of thefolding type, and the frame 10 on the wings. members 8, corresponding tothe frame members A further object of the invention is to provide 5 ofFigure 4, are provided with a joint 9 having aframe structure of thecharacter aforesaid which a vertical axis in order that the tip portionIn embodies means for changing the dihedral of may be folded withrespect to the main portion the wings. of the wing. In this embodiment,the hinged 15 The invention is illustrated in the accompanyconnectionbetween the strut 6 and the wing ing drawing, in which: preferably isadjacent the joint 9. Figure 1 is a front elevation of a flying ma- Thestrut 6 as shown in Figure 2 comprises chine frame of the folding wingtype embodying a lower hollow section II, and an upper hollow thisinvention. I section l2 slidably extending into the section II. 20

Figure 2 is an enlarged framgmentary longitu- The section I2 is hingedto the win frame dinal section through one of the wing struts. members 5in any su t manner, $11011 as d Figure 3 is a view similar to Figure 2showing cated at I, and the section II is hinged to the a, modified formof strut, lower fuselage frame member 3 in any suitable Figure 4 is a,perspective view showing the inmanner, such as by means of a connectingmem- 25 vention applied to a flying machine having a ber l3. Movement ofthe section l2 with respect conventional type wing. to the section II islimited by means of a pin Referring to the drawing in detail, withparcarried by the Seetien and p j c ticular reference to Figure 4, thenumeral I inthrough a slot l5 in the section II. The section dicates apair of upper fuselage frame members I2 is normally urged toward itsinnermost tele- 30 which converge in a rearward direction, and scopPosition With respect 150 the Se t on II which are rigidly connected attheir forward ends y means o a tension p n l5 Which as One by means of abrace 2. Converging rearwardly end connected With the member and itswith respect to the members Iis a lower fuselage other end anchored tothe Section I! y y frame member 3 which is rigidly connected at itssuitable means c as the connecting eans I1. 35

forward end with the frame members I and brace When a lifting force sappl ed to the wing suf- 2 by means of a pair of upwardly divergingbraces ficient to overcome the tension of the spring l6, 4 h braces zand 4 provide triangular the section I 2 is moved outwardly with respectframe at the front of the machine having a horq the section H o pe it nincrease in the 40 izontal top and downwardly converging sides, Wmgdlhedml as Shown. in dotted lines in 40 from which the fuselage framemembers I and 3 life i extend rearwardly in the form of a tripod,Instead of telescoping th upp r strut section Hinged t each of t upperfra e members directly into the lower strut section as shown in atspaced points lengthwise thereof, is a pair of Figure 2, the Same resultmay be aceomplished by wing frame members 5 h h converge t other meanssuch as that shown in Figure 3. In 45 ly, and are rigidly connected attheir outer ends the modified structure shown in Figure 3, in anysuitable manner. The inner end of the lower Section is adapted to e h edat its two foremost members 5 are connected with the lower end to thelower fuselage f a e member, brace 2, and the inner ends of the tworearmost nd t its upp end is Provided With an enlarged 5 members 5 areconnected with a similar brace extension I9, intO which the pp Section 02'. Hinged to the lower frame member 3 at each slidably extends. Theupper section 201s adapted side thereof is a strut 6 which converges outto be hinged at its upper end to the wing frame wardly with respect tothe frame members 5, members, and movement with respect to the lowand inconnection therewith, forms a tripod proor section is limited by meansof a pin and slot in jecting laterally from the fuselage frame memthesame manner as heretofore described in con- 55 nection with Figure 2.Instead of yieldingly urging the upper section inwardly with respect tothe lower section as shown in Figure 2, a cable 2| is anchored adjacentthe inner end of the sec- 6 tion l8, and is extended partially throughthe section 20 to a pulley 22 rotatably mounted therein. From the pulley22 the cable 2| passes through a suitable opening 23 in the section 20,from where it is suitably guided to a manually operated control meanssuch as 24 which may be conveniently located within the ready reach ofthe operator of the flying machine. When it is desired to decrease thewing dihedral, the control means 24 is manipulated to shorten theeffective length of the cable 2|, and when it is desired to increase thedihedral, the control means 24 is manipulated to payout the cable topermit outward movement of the section with respect to the section l8 bymeans of the lifting force of the wing.

Having described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secureby Letters of Patent, is:-

1. In a flying machine, a lower fuselage frame member and a pair ofupper fuselage frame members converging rearwardly, a pair of outwardlyconverging wing frame members hinged to and projecting laterally fromeach of said upper fuselage framemembers, and a pair of. wing strutshinged to the lower fuselage frame members and each projecting laterallytherefrom in converging relation to a pair of said wing frame members,each of said struts including a pair of resiliently connectedtelescoping parts.

2. In a fiying machine, a lower fuselage frame member and a pair ofupper fuselage frame members, a pair of wing frame members hinged to andprojecting laterally from each of said upper fuselage frame members, anda pair of wing struts hinged to the lower fuselage frame member and eachprojecting laterally therefrom in converging relation to a pair of saidwing frame members \and having a hinged connection with the latter.

3. In a flying machine, a lower fuselage frame 4 member and a pair ofupper fuselage frame members, a pair of wing frame members hinged to andprojecting laterally from each of. said upper fuselage frame members,and a pair of wing struts hinged to the lower fuselage frame member and50 each projecting laterally therefrom in converging relation to a pairof said wing frame members and having a hinged connection with thelatter, each of said struts including a pair of telescoping parts.

55 4. In a flying machine, a lower fuselage frame member anda pair ofupper fuselage frame members, a pair of wing frame members hinged to andprojecting laterally from each of said upper fuselage frame members, apair of wing struts hinged 60 to the lower fuselage frame member andeach projecting laterally therefrom in converging relation to a pair ofsaid wing frame members and having a hinged connection with the latter,each of said lower wing frame members includinga pair of telescopingparts, and manually operable 5 means for controlling the relativeposition of said telescoping parts.

5. In a flying machine, a triangular front frame having a horizontal topand downwardly converging sides, a lower fuselage frame member and a: 19pair of upper fuselage frame members connected with said front frame andconverging rearwardly,

a pair of outwardly converging wing frame menibers hinged to andprojecting laterally from each of said upper fuselage frame members,-wing struts 15 having a hinged connection with; each 6f said wing framemembers, and means for yieldlngly coti'e necting said struts withthe'lower fuselage frame member.

6. In a flying machine, a lower fuselage frame 20 member and a pair ofupper fuselage frame menu bers, a pair of wing frame members hinged toand projecting laterally from each of said upper fuse-,- lage framemembers, a pair of wing struts hinged to the lower fuselage frame memberand each 5 projecting laterally therefrom in converging relation to apair of said wing frame members and having a hinged connection with thelatter; each of said struts including a pair of telescoping parts 30 oneof said telescoping parts having a lengthwise" 1 extending slot, and apin secured to the other telescoping part and extending into said slot.a

7. In a flying machine, a lower fuselage frame member and-a pair ofupper fuselage frame mem 35 bers, a pair of upper wing framemembershinged to and projecting laterally from each of said up perfuselage frame members, ap'air of'lower'wing controllable telescopingframe members, one "end hinged to the lower fuselage fram'me'mbe'r andeach projecting laterally therefrom in converging relation to a pair ofsaid wing frame members and the other end having a hinged connectionwith the latter, and manually operable means for controlling therelative position of said telescoping parts. 7

8. In a flying machine, lower fuselage framing means and upper fuselageframing means, wing framing means hinged to and projecting laterallyfrom one of the said fuselage framing means, a

controlled resilient telescoping wing strut, one 0 endhingedly'connected to another of the fuselage framing means andprojecting laterally therefrom and having a converging relation towardssaid wing framing means, and the other end connected to the lattermeans, a manually operable means extending within said strut forcontrolling the relative extension of said telescoping strut parts.

HERBERT L; ADAMS.

